فصلنامه زن در فرهنگ و هنر (پژوهش زنان)
سال ششم شماره 2 (تابستان 1393)

Bahram Beizayi can be regarded as one of the few contemporary Iranian writers with a specific style since 1960s. He is a person mostly recalled to be a director and playwright. However، a remarkable part of his activities which has not received the attention is his method of screen writing. It can be claimed that his screen plays have not yet been studied as well as his plays. The current research tries to study three screen plays of Beiza’i within the theoretical framework of Maureen Murdock named The Heroine`s Journey، which is a new approach to Joseph Campbell’s model of analyzing the characters as the mythical travelers. The three screenplays considered are Sag-Koshi (Killing Dogs)، Eshqâl (Invasion)، and Haqâyeq dar bâreye Leylâ doxtare Edris (Facts about Leila، Edris’s Daughter)، and tries to show that Murdock’s model may be applicable to the heroines of these three screenplays.

This article is a study on the religious approach of pre-Safavid Iranian Muslim miniaturists to female depiction based on Quranic verses and other religious narratives. This article is to find the way of visual reflecting female admired qualifications based on Islam view at original and novel miniatures. Assuming that mentioned visual reflection is based on Quranic and religious narratives or Hadiths which have been a source revelation for that era outstanding miniaturists, the theoretical literature of this paper is mentioned religious texts which have been analyzed based on this approach. The analysis of these works shows that image of female at original Persian miniature masterpiece and outstanding master works, before affecting by Western art effects, describing a position and stance for female existence which is compatible to religious and Quranic teachings. Based on this approach the Muslim miniaturists managed to depict divine mercy and beauty with coverdness in depicting women and protect the women sanctity even at depicting most private interactions of women. Scrutinizing at bushfully depicting women by referring to old and original miniature works which can help in managing the complexities of this issue in current Iranian media and visual productions is the contribution of this paper.

Different political, economical, cultural factors and religious status of Safavi period have influenced on the presence of women in society of that ages. In new structures, women roles were based on their social position and class. Also, children who were near their mothers received more calm, safety and also education. These factors encouraged painters to draw the pictures of women and children in their paintings. The goal of present study is determining the social status of woman and child in Shah Tahmasb period based on charts of Tahmasbi’s Shahnamen and Jami’s Haft Orang (the most exquisite painting in mentioned period). With no previous research in this field, we try to answer to this question: “What are visual features of drawing the role of women and children corpus in charts of these two manuscripts? and “Is this indicative of their different social classes?” In this research, from each mentioned period, 5 charts in different subjects have been surveyed which are the indicative of the role of woman and child in courts and other social classes. This research has been written by descriptive– analytical approach and collecting practice is library. From survey and adaptation of these charts we found that drawing woman and child picture in charts of Shah Tahmasbi’s manuscript which were a court manuscript is repeater of limitations of life situation of court women and noblesse but in Jami’s Haft Orang manuscript, women and children of other social classes in rural, urban environments were drawn more freely and participate in social activities.

This paper is an invitation to accept and to apply the senses in the field of ethnographic research of art. I tried to embed the aesthetic dimension of handmade fabrics woven by Lümə-Dərə community– one of Tərəkəmə clans in Northwest Iran- in their sensual world and make an approach toward understanding it. Therefore, I have made a bridge between anthropology of aesthetics and the anthropology of the senses. Focused on handmade fabrics, my field work has done in Lümə-Dərə. My ethnographic experience showed me that the motifs and designs woven on these fabrics cannot be analyzed via a macro-level and reductionist approach using written literary and mythological resources. In contrast, one should try to achieve a perception close to people creating fabrics, and to embed these forms in a context of real lived experience amongst those people. Toranj is a common shape among Iranian local and ethnic communities and art researchers mostly comprehend this shape by its meaning or aesthetic dimension. In this research, however, it is shown by reviewing Lümə-Dərə designs that the importance of water in images woven on the fabrics is routed in common values and local philosophy of this ethnic community.

Organization citizenship behavior is a useful valuable behavior manifested by individuals voluntarily. Thus, in the challenging world we live in, organizations seek competitive advantages by employing individuals who act beyond their tasks. In facts the main purpose of present research is explanation and evaluation organizational citizenship behavior culture components among women. Statistical population of present study includes 105 employees’ women of Mazandaran province’s education and training organization. Data is collected by using standard questionnaires. Data analysis was done by SPSS and LISREL software. The results of binominal test demonstrated that organizational citizenship behavior and all of evaluated dimensions, namely altruism, courtesy, sportsmanship, consciousness, and civic virtue placed in desirable status and the results of structural equation modeling demonstrated that models’ totality upheld and showed that there was significant relationship between organization citizenship behavior and its components.

The present study is investigating the role and situation of women in Parthian period. The role of women in Parthian era based on archaeological evidences and historical literatures is unknown. The literature had a brief look to this and even leading to the misunderstanding. Such literatures concerning generally to the women and their personal attributes in the court like political marriages. In order to receive a comprehensive view regarding to the women statute in Parthian era, we investigated archaeological evidences throughout Parthian Empire including western (Hatra, Ashur, Seleucia, Babylonia, Dura Europos, Palmyra) and eastern territories (Kuh-i Khwaja) and also regions such as Elymais and central part of Iran. These investigations demonstrate that depiction of women figure in Parthian era was more common comparing to Achaemenid times. The depiction of women can be seen on coins, stuccos, wall paintings and base reliefs. Surveying of archaeological evidences mentioned above showing that women have a main role and place in Parthian era and attending in different states and activated in religious, economic, social, and artistic ground.

In addition to the beauty of Persian literature and rhetoric, it is an important source of information for understanding the evolution of cultural and social structures. Branch of the functions of oral literature, folk literature is an important social and cultural area. Lalaeis are also a major part of the oral literature. Lalaeis social study is important from several directions. On the other hand, ii means for the identification and understanding of other cultures and the concern for the "mother". It also has psychological and sociological approach to the mother. The theory of symbolic interaction is used. The theory of this subject is the field of mother of Nancy Chodorow for this topic. Qualitative research was examined with the social representation of Bushehr’s Lalaies. The results represent the Lalaeis reflects the fact that in addition to feeling mother Lalaeis, these are poems reflect local culture and social and cultural situation in the context of time. It was full of social ideas about women in society, and indigenous cultures exist primarily reflected the position of women.

This study sets out to investigate the effectiveness of the integrated Cognitive-Psychodrama training on modifying irrational relationship beliefs among married women. Statistical population included all of married women living in Allameh Tabatabaei University dormitories in 2011. 30 samples were randomly selected among the married women with high relationship beliefs grades and distributed randomly in experimental and control groups. The research procedure was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design and control group. Measurement tool consisted of Relationship Belief Inventory (RBI). The experimental group participated in 9 sessions (1 session per week) of the integrated Cognitive-Psychodrama training. The results were analyzed with covariate using SPSS software. The results revealed that all hypotheses concerning the effectiveness of the integrated Cognitive-Psychodrama training on modifying irrational relationship beliefs among married women were confirmed.